Hysteroscopy

Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that allows a gynaecologist to examine the inside of the uterus (womb) using a hysteroscope, which is a thin, lighted telescope-like instrument.

This procedure can be both diagnostic and operative, making it a valuable tool in the diagnosis and treatment of various uterine conditions.

What is Hysteroscopic Surgery?

Hysteroscopic surgery involves the use of a hysteroscope – a thin, lighted tube inserted through the vagina and cervix into the uterus.

This tool allows the surgeon to view the uterine cavity on a screen and perform various procedures without external incisions.

This technique is highly effective for diagnosing and treating numerous uterine conditions with minimal invasiveness.

Applications of Hysteroscopy

Hysteroscopy is used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. It allows gynaecologists to directly view the uterine cavity, identify abnormalities, and perform surgical procedures if necessary. Common applications include:
  • Diagnostic Hysteroscopy: Used to investigate abnormal uterine bleeding, recurrent miscarriages, or infertility issues.
  • Operative Hysteroscopy: Involves the treatment of uterine conditions such as polyps, fibroids, adhesions (Asherman’s syndrome), and septa.

The Hysteroscopy Procedure

  • Consultation: Discuss medical history, medications, and allergies with your gynaecologist.
  • Timing: Timing: The procedure is usually scheduled outside of menstruation/period times
  • Anaesthesia: Most operative hysteroscopy involves general anaesthesia, diagnostic hysteroscopy can be in performed in the clinic.
  • Insertion: A speculum is inserted into the vagina to allow access to the cervix, which is then dilated to insert the hysteroscope.
  • Examination: The hysteroscope is gently guided into the uterine cavity, and saline solution is used to expand the uterus for better visibility.
  • Intervention: If operative hysteroscopy is performed, surgical instruments are inserted through the hysteroscope to treat the identified condition.
  • Recovery: Most women can go home the same day. Mild cramping or spotting may occur.
  • Activity: Avoid heavy lifting, strenuous exercise, and intercourse for a few days as advised by your gynaecologist.
  • Follow-Up: A follow-up appointment may be scheduled to discuss results and further treatment if necessary.

Conditions Treated with Hysteroscopic Surgery

Endometrial hyperplasia is a condition characterised by the thickening of the uterine lining (endometrium), often caused by excess oestrogen without sufficient progesterone.

  • Causes: Hormonal imbalances, particularly an excess of oestrogen.
  • Symptoms: Heavy menstrual bleeding, bleeding between periods, and postmenopausal bleeding.
  • Risk Factors: Obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), hormone replacement therapy, and tamoxifen use.
  • Treatment Options: Biopsy during hysteroscopy for diagnosis, followed by medical or surgical management based on the findings.
  • Overview: AUB can result from hormonal imbalances, fibroids, polyps, or other underlying conditions, leading to irregular or heavy menstrual bleeding.
  • Hysteroscopic Treatment:
    • Endometrial Ablation: This procedure removes or destroys the lining of the uterus (endometrium) to reduce or stop heavy menstrual bleeding. It is a quick procedure with minimal recovery time, providing relief from AUB without the need for major surgery.
  • Overview: Fibroids are non-cancerous growths in the uterus that can cause heavy bleeding, pain, and reproductive issues.
  • Hysteroscopic Treatment:
    • Hysteroscopic Myomectomy: This procedure involves the removal of submucosal fibroids (those within the uterine cavity) using a hysteroscope. It allows for precise removal of fibroids while preserving the uterus, leading to relief from symptoms and improved fertility outcomes.
  • Overview: Uterine polyps are growths attached to the inner wall of the uterus, often causing irregular bleeding and potentially impacting fertility.
  • Hysteroscopic Treatment:
    • Hysteroscopic Polypectomy: This procedure involves the removal of polyps using a hysteroscope. It is minimally invasive and allows for quick recovery.
  • Overview: Intrauterine adhesions occur when scar tissue forms inside the uterus, leading to menstrual irregularities, pain, and infertility.
  • Hysteroscopic Treatment:
    • Hysteroscopic Adhesiolysis: This procedure involves the removal of adhesions using a hysteroscope to restore the normal function of the uterine cavity, improving menstrual regularity and fertility.
  • Overview: Some women are born with abnormalities in the shape or structure of the uterus, which can affect menstruation and fertility.
  • Hysteroscopic Treatment:
    • Hysteroscopic Metroplasty: This procedure corrects anomalies such as a septate uterus, improving reproductive outcomes and reducing complications during pregnancy.
  • Overview: After a miscarriage or childbirth, some tissue may remain in the uterus, leading to bleeding or infection.
  • Hysteroscopic Treatment:
    • Hysteroscopic Removal: This procedure involves the safe removal of retained products of conception using a hysteroscope, ensuring the uterus is clear and healthy.
  • Minimally Invasive: No external incisions are required, resulting in less pain and faster recovery.
  • Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment: Direct visualisation of the uterine cavity allows for precise diagnosis and treatment of various conditions.
  • Shorter Recovery Time: Most hysteroscopic procedures are performed on an outpatient basis, enabling patients to return to their daily activities quickly.
  • Reduced Risk of Complications: Minimally invasive techniques minimise the risk of infection and other complications.

Risks and Complications

While hysteroscopy is generally safe, potential risks and complications include:

  • Infection: Though rare, there is a risk of uterine or pelvic infection.
  • Bleeding: Some bleeding or spotting is normal, but heavy bleeding should be reported.
  • Uterine Perforation: Accidental perforation of the uterus is rare but can occur.
  • Fluid Overload: During the procedure, the fluid used to expand the uterus can sometimes be absorbed into the bloodstream, causing complications.

Our Commitment to Your Health

At MIGYNAE, we understand the unique health needs of women and are dedicated to providing personalised, high-quality care.

Our team of experienced gynaecologists utilises the latest technologies, including hysteroscopic surgery, to ensure the best outcomes for our patients.

Contact Us

To learn more about hysteroscopic surgery or to schedule a consultation, please contact us.

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Get in touch with our friendly team.

We are a general gynaecology clinic based in Melbourne, dedicated to the latest Minimally Invasive (MI) gynaecological diagnostic and surgical techniques. We are leaders in laparoscopic and cutting-edge robotic “keyhole” surgery.

If you have a question about a condition or treatment, or would like to book an appointment, please get in touch.

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At MIGYNAE, we provide care to all individuals with gynaecological and reproductive health needs, including those with female reproductive organs, regardless of gender identity or assignment at birth. We also welcome trans women and others seeking our specialist expertise.

We acknowledge the Traditional Owners of the land on which we work and live, the Wurundjeri Woi-wurrung and Bunurong peoples of the East Kulin Nations. We pay our respects to their Elders past, present, and emerging, and celebrate their rich stories, cultures, and traditions.

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